Commons:FAQ/ko

Shortcut: COM:FAQ

이 문서는 위키미디어 공용의 자주 묻는 질문을 짧은 답변과 배경 문서의 링크와 함께 요약한 것입니다.

프로젝트에 대한 질문

이 사이트는 무엇에 대한 것입니까?

"위키미디어 공용" (줄여서 "공용")은 미디어 저장소로써, 대가를 받는 전문가가 아닌 자원봉사자들에 의해서 제작 및 운영되고 있습니다. 이 사이트는 자유로운 백과사전인 위키백과를 포함한 모든 위키미디어 프로젝트에서 유용하게 쓰일 수 있는 자유로운 라이선스 사진, 그림, 애니메이션, 음악, 음성, 영상, 미디어 자료의 중앙 저장소 역할을 하고 있습니다. "위키미디어 공용" (Wikimedia Commons)이라는 이름은 모든 위키미디어 프로젝트를 관할하는 포괄적인 프로젝트 위키미디어 (Wikimedia)와 모든 위키미디어 프로젝트에 사용할 수 있는 미디어를 저장하는 것을 목적으로 하는 공용 프로젝트의 "공용" (common)을 합친 것에서 유래한 것입니다.

이 프로젝트의 목적은 무엇인가요?

Commons:프로젝트 기준을 보세요. Commons:공용에 대한 오해 문서도 좋은 도움이 될 것입니다.

제가 이 사이트에 자료를 올릴 수 있습니까?

예, 당연한 말씀입니다! 사실, 우리가 여러분에게 바라는 것이 바로 그것입니다. 초보자 길라잡이를 읽고 프로젝트 참여를 시작해보세요.

올릴 수 있는 자료는 무엇입니까?

위키미디어 프로젝트에 유용한 자료라면 어떠한 자유 라이선스 미디어 자료라도 올릴 수 있습니다. 라이선스는 상업적 이용과 2차 저작물 제작을 반드시 허용해야 합니다.¹ 라이선스 상태 필요에 대한 저작권 관련 질문을 참고하세요. 그림을 올리는 것에 관심이 있다면 Commons:Image casebook에서 원하는 도움을 찾을 수 있을 것입니다.

어떤 개념을 설명하는 자바나 플래시를 올릴 수 있습니까?

일반적으로 올릴 수 없습니다. Commons:프로젝트 기준과 Commons:파일 형식을 보세요... 공용은 소프트웨어 저장소가 아닌, 미디어 저장소를 목표로 하고 있습니다. 여러분이 제작한 소프트웨어는 다른 프로젝트 (예를 들어서 소스포지가 있으며, 분류:자유 소프트웨어 호스팅 시설에서 찾을 수도 있습니다.)에서 공유하는 것이 훨씬 적합할 것입니다. (플래시는 소프트웨어인지, 미디어인지의 구별이 불명확하나, 자바는 확실히 소프트웨어입니다).

제가 직접 쓴 글을 올릴 수 있습니까?

공용은 멀티미디어 콘텐츠 (그림, 영상, 소리)를 다루며, 글은 다루지 않습니다. 글은 형태와 내용에 따라서 위키백과, 위키문헌집, 또는 위키책과 같은 다른 위키미디어 프로젝트에 넣는 것이 적합합니다. 하지만 이러한 프로젝트에서는 가져온 글이 퍼블릭 도메인, 또는 크리에이티브 커먼즈 저작자표시/동일조건변경허락 (CC-BY, 또는 CC-BY-SA) 라이선스로 배포되어야 하며, 이것을 원하지 않는다면 올리지 말아야 합니다. 예를 들어서, 외부 웹사이트에서 가져온 글을 사용하고자 할 경우에는 퍼블릭 도메인, 또는 CC-BY-SA 라이선스로 배포하고 있는지에 대한 확인이 필요합니다. 이것은 자신의 웹사이트에서 가져온 글일 경우에도 해당됩니다.

'화랑' (일반 이름 공간) 문서는 무엇입니까? 어떻게 만드는 것이죠?

화랑은 분류를 보완하는 것으로, 미디어 자료를 나열하는 또 다른 방법입니다. 화랑 문서는 파일을 표를 이용하여 구성하며, 각 파일에 관련한 설명을 주석으로 달 수 있습니다. 또한, 파일을 분류 문서의 기본 크기보다 좀 더 나은 크기로 나타낼 수 있습니다. 일반적으로 화랑 문서는 주제에 대한 간단한 소개를 여러 언어로 표시하는 것으로 시작하며 (Commons Sum-it-up을 통해 자동 생성 가능), 뒤이은 머릿 부분은 <gallery> 태그를 사용하여 표시하는 것이 전형적입니다. (메타 도움말 문서 참고)

파일들에는 인터위키 링크와 (Sum-it-up으로 생성 가능) 적어도 한 가지 분류가 있어야 합니다. 화랑 문서는 적어도 한 분류에는 반드시 속해 있어야 한다는 것을 명심하세요.

새로운 화랑 문서를 설계하는 좋은 방법 중 하나는 비슷한 주제를 가진 다른 문서를 개작하는 것입니다. 종 (식물/동물) 문서와 장소 (도시/국가) 문서는 서로 다르겠죠?

저작권에 대한 질문

사용하기 위해 올린 파일은 어떤 라이선스를 적용해야 합니까?

You have to make sure that anything you upload is either in the public domain or under some free license such as GNU Free Documentation License or CC-BY/BY-SA (for more see Commons:Licensing and Commons:Copyright tags). Please do not invent licenses out of thin air. Most things on the Internet are copyrighted. Don't assume otherwise unless you have a good reason. When publishing your own work, you can release your work into the public domain ({{PD-self}}), or under specific licenses: {{self|license name}}, {{self|license 1|license 2}} etc. Or you can choose one of the options from the drop-down menu license selector at Special:Upload under "own work".

다른 사람의 자료를 수정하거나 복제한 자료를 올릴 수 있습니까?

Only the producer of an original work, or those whom have been granted the right to license that work, can licence the work. A scan or a modification does not automatically make a document your own work. This means that you cannot just grab a file from the Internet and put a GFDL or CC license on it. See also Commons:Image casebook.

왜 공용은 공정 이용 콘텐츠를 허용하지 않습니까?

One of Wikimedia Commons founding principles was that content stored here should be freely reusable in any context, anywhere in the world, in the same way that the (CC-BY-SA Licensed) encyclopedia content is. This restricts us to "free content only". This principle, like the NPOV policy in Wikipedia, will never change. Also, fair use depends on use in an editorial context - it simply does not apply to a media repository. Besides that, copyright law varies from country to country. Thus, fair use laws vary from country to country, with each country having its own interpretation and many jurisdictions having no fair use concept at all. As a result, fair use content is seldom going to be usable outside of the United States.

• See also Commons:Fair use.

위키미디어 이외에서 이 사이트의 자료를 사용할 수 있습니까?

Yes, you can. However, you will have to check the image description page (can be seen by clicking on the image) to see under what license it falls. In most cases you will be okay if you copy the author and licensing information from the image description page, and publish that with the image or other file. See Commons:Reusing content outside Wikimedia for details.

요약, 또는 그림 설명 문서에는 어떤 정보를 실어야 합니까?

초보자 길라잡이의 튜토리얼을 보세요. 설명 문서를 기입하실 때는 Template:Information을 이용해보시는 것을 추천합니다.

Where do I get credit for my images?

Some of our accepted licenses require attribution. This means that a photographer has to be given credit every time his or her picture is used. Please make sure you put the name you want to have mentioned in the description page of the image. Within Wikipedia articles, people who click your image in order to enlarge it will see your name.

플리커 라이선스가 바뀌면 어떻게 됩니까?

Further information: Commons:Flickr images

Authors may change their Creative Commons licenses and sometimes do, but their license at the time of verification cannot be revoked. If an upload from Flickr has a verified CC-BY or CC-BY SA license, the file remains on Commons. Works identified on the image page as a new version of a verified file also remain. Verification appears in a FlickreviewR, administrator or trusted user notice on the image page.

기술적 질문

제가 올리는 파일의 해상도는 어떻게 하나요?

The highest resolution available for images is more than welcome. You don't have to worry about server disk space and the loadtime of the Wikipedia pages that refer to them, since the software automatically generates and caches smaller (as specified in the articles) versions.

However, scaling of images may fail if the image is very large and rendering takes too much time or memory (in that case, either no scaled image is shown, or the full image is served to the browser, often causing it to lock up). For PNG images, a hard limit of 12 megapixels is in effect. Large JPEGs are only problematic if they are saved in progressive mode, since the entire image has to be processed at once. Use baseline mode instead.

In case the full scale original is too large to process for the software, upload it anyway, but then please overwrite it with a scaled down version (around 6 megapixels in size); the full scale version will still be available in the upload history, and you can add a reference to it in the image description.

How can I directly use materials on this site in Wikipedias?

Just link to the image's file name as if it were a local image. Note: There may be a slight delay in loading the image on the wikipedia you link it from. This is due to a delay in cached versions of images and can be fixed by doing a reload on the image itself rather than on the page it is displayed on. See also MediaWiki image help, media help page in Meta-wiki, Wikipedia image markup page and Wikipedia picture tutorial.

위키백과의 그림을 공용으로 어떻게 옮기나요?

If the image is under a free license download the full size version on your computer and upload it on Wikimedia Commons. Use the CommonsHelper tool! After you have done that, copy the description page and check that it contains the name of the author and/or the url of source, the date and a short description. Add the URL of the original Wikipedia page, and the name of its original uploader. Check that licence tags and other templates are correct on Commons.

그림이나 기타 미디어 파일의 이름을 바꾸거나 이동하는 방법은 무엇입니까?

Use {{rename}}.

Gallery and userspace pages can be moved by logged in users by using the "move" link usually shown at the top of the page (this depends on the skin you use). Note that this feature may not be available to new users; if needed, just ask someone to do it for you.

분류 이름을 바꾸거나 이동하는 방법

Commons:Rename a category를 보세요.

문서 / 그림을 어떻게 분류에 추가합니까?

To add an image or page to category Foo, add the following link to the page (resp. the image's description): [[Category:Foo]]. This is a "magic" link, which will a) appear in the category box at the bottom of the page and b) cause the image to show up in the category. See Commons:Categories for more information.

저만의 사진을 가장 잘 분류할 수 있는 방법은 무엇입니까?

Categorization should answer "W-questions", most importantly: What is it? Where is it? To find appropriate categories (or gallery pages), look at Main page, the search page and the Category tree tool. Look at the categories given there, and go to the one that best fits your picture. Then look at subcategories and pages in that category, and again choose the one that fits best. Repeat until you find no more specific place that fits your picture. If unsure, choose a more general category. Use the CommonSense tool which can suggest categories based on keywords you give it. . See Commons:Categories for more information.

어떻게 분류를 정리합니까?

Try to copy the existing structure when expanding categories. Make sure each new category has at least one parent category. See if your area has a category scheme, or if there is one you can model yours on. Especially for species and countries, the structure should follow the conventions set by existing structures. For more information about categories on Commons, see Commons:Categories.

저만의 사진 갤러리를 가장 잘 만드는 방법은 무엇입니까?

You can create a user gallery either as a subpage of your user page (so if you are user Foo, put your gallery page at User:Foo/gallery), or as a category (called something like Category:Pictures by Foo). All user galleries should be in Category:User galleries - see there for some examples. To find all the pictures you have uploaded, you can use the upload log or look at an automatically generated Gallery (just change the wiki to commons.wikimedia.org and fill in your username).

갤러리는 어떻게 만드나요?

See meta:Help:Images and other uploaded files#Gallery tag, category, table of images for information on how to create galleries the easy way - with the <gallery> tag.

언제 갤러리나 분류를 사용해야 하나요?

Files should always be added to descriptive categories, since if they are only added to galleries, they can be easily removed from them and thus "lost". Categories are useful as indiscriminately large "containers" of images on a topic. Galleries (on article pages) are useful as showcasing the best, most illustrative, informative and interesting images of a category. They are also useful for presenting material in a logical order, something categories have a limited ability to do. For example, compare Tennis to Category:Tennis. Information on gallery pages can be presented in a hierarchical manner, such as Pronunciation of Dutch municipality names and United States.

This is just advice for if you feel totally lost. Generally use whichever you prefer or feel most comfortable with. Some topics have specific guidelines for the organisation of media, such as plants and animals which fall under the WikiProject Tree of Life. Unless you are interested in helping out with such projects, don't worry too much about finding out what the 'rules' are until someone tells you -- the people who take part in the project will fix things up.

Why is the old picture and not the new uploaded picture on my screen? (Or-- my thumbnail is wrong.)

Try clearing your cache and hitting the refresh button. Be sure to hold "Shift" when you refresh (hard refresh). Sometimes there is a delay in generating a new thumbnail for an newer version of an image.

You can try to force a new thumbnail to be generated by using this trick:

1. Visit http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/thumb.php?f=Per_Stig_M%C3%B8ller.jpg&w=450 (copy your image name from the URL bar - so non-latin characters are escaped - into the ?f= and change the w= value to the width of the thumbnail you want to regenerate) ... this is forcing a new thumbnail to be rendered. Do this for all the size thumbnails you want to be re-rendered.
2. Edit the image page. In the URL, change "action=edit" to "action=purge". Now repeatedly do a hard refresh on this URL until the new thumbnail is generated.

If you are having persistent problems with a thumbnail updating, one workaround trick you can use is to use a thumbnail of an unusual size. Instead of allowing the default/user-specified size, request an unusual size like 199px or 201px. Because this size is not usually used, the software will have to create a brand new thumbnail, and thus will use the new updated image, instead of supplying the existing thumbnail based on an old version of the image.

The default thumb sizes, and thus the ones most likely to have problems, are (from Special:Preferences): 120, 150, 180, 200, 250, 300 + the thumbnail for the image page (if the image is larger than this space) -- you can figure out what size this image is by right-clicking on it and choosing save as... - it will save as something like 450px-Properimagename.jpg - so the prefix tells you).

When there is a foolproof method for updating thumbnails or forcing them to re-render, rest assured, we will let you know.

왜 일부 그림을 볼 수 없나요?

It might be a thumbnail problem (see the question above), or you might run an ad-blocking software that mistakenly thinks the image was an advertisement. Can you see Image:D-fructose.png? If not, then that's the likely cause of your problem. That image resides at the URL http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/D-fructose.png which contains the string "/ad/". Your ad-blocker is probably configured such that it considers all images with a URL containing this string to be advertisements. Change the configuration such that this rule does not apply to the .wikipedia.org and .wikimedia.org domains. That should cure the problem.

어떻게 그림을 검색하나요?

Look at Special:Search and follow the hints and links there. You can also go to related articles in the different Wikipedias and look at what pictures they are using. Some may already be on Commons, and they should be categorized, giving you a hint where to look for more.

How will the software be adapted for this project?

See Commons:Tools, Commons:Tool integration and Commons:Features.

파일 수가 많습니다. 한 번에 하나씩이 아닌 일괄 업로드가 가능한가요?

Yes. The Commonist is a Java/BeanShell-based upload tool with a graphical user interface. It reportedly works well under Linux and MacOS, and should work on Windows too (although some people have reported problems under Windows).

For those comfortable with the Unix command line, a script by User:Nichalp, based on Eloquence's file upload script in Perl is suitable for most Unix, Unix-like, Linux or Mac OS X machines.

파일이나 문서의 이름을 바꾸거나 이동해야 합니다. 가능한가요?

Articles: yes. Accounts older than four days can rename articles by using the 'move' tab at the top of the page. Note that for different language titles, redirects should be created rather than moving a page.

Files (images): yes, but only by administrators.

Categories: no. If the badly named category is still a likely one (rather than a misspelling), the badly named one should be converted into a soft redirect by tagging it with {{category redirect}}. The images in the category have to be manually changed to belong to the new category. Note that due to technical restrictions, categories should all be in English.

When I tried to upload my file, I get this error: "." is not an allowed file format. See Commons:File types for more information.

Make sure that the file you're uploading has an extension and that it is one of the allowed types. Make sure also that you have not left a space either before or after the point.

Be sure to include an extension in the Destination filename: field as well. For example, write "Orange grove in summer.jpg" not just "Orange grove in summer".

공용 그림을 사용하고 싶은데, 제 로컬 위키에 동일한 이름의 파일이 이미 있어서 막혀 있습니다. 어떻게 공용 그림으로 접근할 수 있을까요?

현 시점에서는 안타깝게도 유일한 해결책은 로컬 파일을 삭제하거나 다른 이름으로 공용 그림을 다시 업로드하는 것입니다.

파일의 새로운 판을 어떻게 업로드할 수 있을까요?

Firstly, you can only do this if your account is older than 4 days.

Have the new version of the file saved to your computer. Go to the image page. Under "File history", there is a link that says "Upload a new version of this file". Click on that link and then browse and find saved file. For the summary, you should put something like "hi-res version" or "removed background noise" or "fixed colour balance" - just one line is enough to say what changes you are making. Then click "Upload file". You will get the warning that you are replacing an existing file, but since that is what you want to do, you should continue.

How can I discover what pages link to my file?

The "File links" section will automatically list any files on Wikipedia Commons that display your images. It does not show where these images are used on other Wikipedia projects. To discover that information click on the "check usage" tab at the top of the file's page.

공용 공동체에 대한 질문

관리자는 무엇이며 어떻게 될 수 있습니까?

Commons:관리자 문서를 참고하세요.

질문은 어디서 할 수 있습니까?

If you want to raise a question which you think is likely to have been raised before, use the Commons:Help desk. If you want to raise a question which might be new, or gain wider community attention, use the Commons:Village pump.

How does Commons work with similar projects?

Commons is very interested in working with projects that have similar aims. See for example Commons:10,000 paintings from Directmedia and Commons:Collaboration with ourmedia. FlickrLickr is a successful example of working with another source of images.

삭제가 필요한 문서나 파일은 어떻게 해야 되나요?

Commons:Deletion requests와 Commons:Deletion policy를 참고하세요.

여기서는 어떤 언어를 사용해야 합니까?

Ideally, whichever one you are most comfortable with. See Commons:Language policy. However for technical reasons categories should be in English.

왜 위키미디어 프로젝트의 모든 그림들이 기본적으로 여기로 업로드되지 않나요?

Most importantly, some Wikipedias have a less strict licensing policy than Commons, so some pictures that would not be acceptable to Commons may be OK there. Commons does not (and cannot) allow fair use content, as some Wikipedias do: see COM:FU.

Unfortunately, users who don't know English well may have a harder time on Commons. Commons tries to supply information in many languages, but non-English pages tend to be incomplete or outdated. Also, some things, like the names of categories, can't (yet) be localized. Sorry.